Home automation, also referred to as "domotics", refers to the construction, actuation and/or application of automated systems of the home, all geared at maximizing and enhancing the comfort, security and convenience of an individual home user.
These systems touch on such areas of the home as security, multimedia, robotics, lighting, inter-communication systems, etc. The systems are basically remote controlled and self - activating, where the idea is to minimize on human control or interaction and maintenance of the ideal home environment as programmed into these systems.
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Practical application of some of these home automation systems may, for example, include in such areas as automatic control of room temperature and lighting, detection of fire, water and/or gas leaks, automatic switching on and off of home entertainment systems, intruder (burglar) detection systems and robotic application systems where robots get to perform manual home tasks such as cleaning around, running petty (physical) errands around the house, etc. Not so common applications may include plant watering, pet feeding, pool heating and face recognition systems.
Home automation also has lighting control systems which allow the home owner to control not only the lighting but also lighting levels of a house. These systems, with the help of a touch panel and an inbuilt processor, allow homeowners to trigger lights or other devices like fans, usually the entire house at once. Some more advanced lighting systems are able to detect human presence in a room and change the settings to personal preferences.
Security control systems such as CCTVs and motion detectors are becoming common in many homes. These home automation systems detect very minute changes to the surroundings by use of radio or infrared technology and warn the homeowner of possible intrusions. These systems can also be set up to turn on at certain times of the day and night automatically.
A common application today is in intercom technology. A user interacts with the system via a microphone and a speaker. Some advanced systems can recognize individual voices and act accordingly, based on how they have been programmed. These systems have proven to be very secure and effective in keeping away intruders.
Home automation systems however, like any other comfort appliances or systems, may have their down or negative sides. For example, some of these technologies employed in their construction may have harmful ray emissions such as laser beams, radio waves, etc. These home comforts have also led to reduced human contact resulting in anti-social behavior.
Home automation is about comfort, convenience and security. This comfort and security comes with a heavy price to pay. Installation and maintenance of some automated systems is very expensive. These costs are invariably high and therefore out of reach to most people.
However, it is expected that as more people come to appreciate technology and its convenience in people's daily lives and as individual incomes continue to rise, home automation will be a more common feature of many homes worldwide. They not only save on time but also give people a sense of security.
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